Table of Content

25 July 2021, Volume 0 Issue 4

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Celebrating the 100th Anniversary of the Founding of the Communist Party of China

“Governance of China”under the Leadership of the Century-Old Large Party: Theoretical Paradigm and Institutional Panorama

WANG Xiao-peng, LIU Xian-chun

2021, 0(4):  3-13. 

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The national development and state governance of China cannot be separated from the leadership of the Communist Party of China; however, the roles of political parties have been obscured in theoretical researches. The theoretical paradigm of“the governance of China”under the leadership of the century-old large Party can reveal the unique logic of“the governance of China”. The“governance of China”under the leadership of the century-old large Party is based on the system, which is reflected in the structure of China's national system and the operation of the national governance system. The institutional panorama and functional mechanism of the century-old large Party are mainly manifested as follows: first, the Party's central organization and its institutionalized operation have an overall leadership over the national governance; second, the deliberation and coordination agency system for the central decision-making has an overall planning and leadership over major tasks; third, the Party group (Party committee) system exerts an embedded leadership to non-party organizations; the fourth is the classified leadership of the centralized and coordinated management system for specific governance matters; the fifth is the unified leadership of the discipline inspection and supervision system over the supervision system; the sixth is the Party's absolute leadership system over the people's army with a firm grasp of military power; and the seventh is the effective integration of social forces by the system of unified leadership of the Party committee over the mass groups. The main body shaping of the century-old large Party is the biggest independent variable and decisive factor in determining the efficiency of national governance. Therefore, it is necessary to drive the governance of the country through the governance of the Party, so as to promote the efficiency of national governance.

From Establishment of Regime to Governance Modernization: The Hundred Years of Consultative Governance of the Communist Party of China and Its Practical Approach

FU Jian-jun

2021, 0(4):  14-24. 

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During the one century's development, the Communist Party of China has gone through a long process of applying consultative governance from the establishment of the regime to the state governance modernization. The Communist Party of China has formed such modes in consultative governance as political parties consultation, political consultation, social consultation and dialogue, etc., and finally become mature and set in the mode of socialist consultation democracy. The development of the consultative governance is the result of the Communist Party of China's deepening understanding of regime building and state governance in its one hundred year development history, which determines that the Communist Party of China occupies a core position in the consultative governance; in turn it gives rise to institutional advantages different from western deliberative democracy. In the context of the downward shift of the governance focus, the Communist Party of China can promote the advantages transformation of the consultative governance by granting more power to the grass-roots governance, and the in-depth integration of information technology and consultative governance may become a new direction for advantage transformation.

A Study of the Embedding Position of China in Global Innovation Value Chains from the Perspective of Technological Trajectories

LI Chuan-chao, YANG Hui-xin

2021, 0(4):  25-40. 

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On the basis of the theory of technological trajectories, this paper measures the degree of participation and the embedding position of China in the global innovation value chains with the help of the Worldwide Patent Statistical Database. It also studies the specific performance of Chinese enterprises which embed themselves in the global innovation value chains in the“going out”mode or in the“bringing in”mode with specific cases. The findings reveal that Chinese enterprises are locked in the non-core technology fields and low-end links in the international labor-division system with a degree of participation of 47.30% in the global innovation value chains, which is lower than that of USA, Japan, Germany, France and other major world economies. There still exist some gaps between the embedding position of Chinese enterprises and that of the developed countries. In the“going out”mode, Chinese enterprises cannot fully grasp the initiative of development, while in the“bringing in”mode, Chinese enterprises are usually locked at the lower-end links. The blockage encountered by Chinese enterprises in the participation of the global circulation of innovation is rooted in the lacking of the all-round technical innovation with international competitiveness in domestic innovation field. It is necessary to take the domestic circulation as the main body and the concept of domestic and international double-circulation new development pattern as the guidance, so as to create an unblocked, efficient and independent domestic cycle in the field of innovation for the improvement of international competitiveness of Chinese creation. On this basis, the initiative of opening to the outside world can be mastered to achieve“bringing in”and“going out”at a higher level.

The Impact of Transparent Social Media Service Remedy on the Purchase Intention of Virtually Present Others: The Role of Brand Equity

YANG Hui, KANG Hai-yan

2021, 0(4):  41-50. 

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Customers are increasingly using social media to voice their complaints openly, thus many companies seek to shift those complaints in social media to be handled off-line. Is it an optimal choice for companies to deal with the complaints of customers in secret? Based on the signal theory and the observational learning theory, this paper carries out three experiments to study the impact of transparent social media service remedy on the purchase intention of virtually present others. The findings show that, compared with the non-transparent, transparent social media service remedy can positively influence the purchase intention of the virtually present others; the perception of service quality is its internal mechanism, and the brand equity can play the regulatory role. Compared with the companies with higher brand equity, the companies with lower brand equity can more significantly improve the service quality perception and purchase intention of the virtually present others by adopting transparent service remedies in social media. This conclusion has certain reference value for companies to deal with customers' complaints in social media.

R&D Subsidies and Corporate Total Factor Productivity

CHEN Li-shan, FU Yuan-hai, HUANG Guo-bin

2021, 0(4):  51-63. 

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By making use of the data of A-share listed companies in Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges from 2003 to 2018 and employing the stochastic frontier analysis method (SFA) to estimate and decompose the total factor productivity (TFP) of listed companies, this paper investigates the impact of R&D subsidies on corporate overall TFP and the four components that constitute TFP, i.e., the frontier technological progress, the technical efficiency, the scale efficiency and the allocation efficiency. The findings indicate that R&D subsidies cannot significantly promote the overall TFP growth. In terms of the internal structure of TFP, R&D subsidies have significantly promoted the frontier technological progress and significantly inhibited the improvement of allocation efficiency, but no significant impact on technical efficiency and scale efficiency. Further analysis in groups according to the nature of enterprise ownership, the financing constraints, the industry characteristics and the level of intellectual property protection reveals that R&D subsidies have significantly promoted the frontier technological progress of non-state-owned enterprises, enterprises with a higher degree of financing constraints, enterprises in non-high-tech industries, enterprises in fiercely competitive markets, and enterprises in areas with lower levels of intellectual property protection. However, the allocation efficiency of enterprises with lower levels of financing constraints, enterprises in non-high-tech industries and enterprises with lower level of market competition is significantly reduced. The conclusion of this paper has some enlightenment for the improvement of the R&D subsidy policy and the improvement of corporate total factor productivity.

“New Infrastructure Construction”and Demand-Side Reform under the New Development Pattern

ZHANG Ji-hai

2021, 0(4):  64-72. 

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The new development pattern has rich connotations and emphasizes the transformation of the economy to high-quality development. As the supply side, the“new infrastructure construction”is an important way to empower China to have a high-quality development. The demand-side reform focuses on realizing the smoothness of the economic circulation process. The implementation of the “new infrastructure construction”has to solve the problems of the previous“old infrastructure construction”in terms of institutional mechanisms, pay more attention to“the quality”(that is, investment efficiency), be sustainable, avoid dangling debt, and form corresponding future income. For this reason, the “new infrastructure construction”needs to be coordinated with the demand-side reform in the circulation of the national economy, and the two should form a benign relationship that promotes each other and has positive feedback and dynamic circulation.

Insurance and Security

Research on the Logical Framework and Effectiveness of Labor Allocation in Nursing Institutions for the Aged: Investigation Evidences from 117 Institutions in Hubei Province

LI Quan-lun, LU Zi-tong

2021, 0(4):  73-85. 

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Based on the roles of nursing institutions for the aged in the labor market, capital market and old-age service market, this paper constructs the logical framework of labor allocation of nursing institutions for the aged, and investigates the 11 key indicators, such as labor-capital ratio, labor-support ratio, labor-labor ratio and so on. The findings show that the demand elasticity of nursing staff is the highest, which is affected by the number of the aged dwellers. The allocation of old-age service professional personnel, such as certified doctors, nutritionists, social workers and so on, has structural differences due to the different natures of the nursing institutions for the aged. Of which, the professional-bed ratio and the professional-support ratio of the public nursing institutions are 1:33 and 1:25 respectively, which are twice as much as those of private institutions. The allocation of administrative and logistics personnel is centered on the nursing staff, and the centralized distribution trend is obvious. Therefore, a realistic path to improve the old-age service supply is to give full play to the advantages of labor and capital elements in the public nursing institutions, establish the internal rotation system and external sharing system for the old-age service professionals, optimize the labor-support ratio and structure, and narrow the differences in labor allocation among institutions.

Research on Catastrophic Medical Expenditures Measurement and Space Transmission Mechanism of Relatively Poor Families

LI Tao, CHENG Qian

2021, 0(4):  86-99. 

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By making use of the data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS), this paper constructs a panel threshold model of the response differences in the medical economic risk expectations to family medical burdens of relatively poor families. The findings show that the standard of catastrophic medical expenditures of relatively poor families is that medical expenditures account for 21.02% of other expenditures except food, education and housing. Then it constructs a Tobit Durbin model of spatial metrology and a spatial Durbin Tobit mediation model to empirically test the spatial transmission mechanism of catastrophic medical expenditures among relatively poor families with social networks as medium and the spatial impacting mechanism of medical security system on catastrophic medical expenditures of relatively poor families respectively. These findings suggests that, by influencing the transfer expenditure pressure and the health level of community families through social relations, catastrophic medical expenditures can be transmitted among relatively poor families. However, the medical security system can effectively alleviate the transfer expenditure pressure among relatively poor families and improve the overall health welfare of community families, thus hindering the transmission of catastrophic medical expenditures among relatively poor families.

Agricultural Researches

The Source of the Rapid Increase of China’s Staple Crops Production Cost: An Empirical Study Based on Decomposition of Factor Cost Contribution

PAN Wen-xuan

2021, 0(4):  100-113. 

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Since the year of 2004, the production cost of China's staple crops has increased rapidly and the cost advantages of some staple grain producing provinces tend to be weakened or even turned into disadvantages, which brings a negative impact on grain production benefit, farmers' income growth and food security. Based on the method of decomposition of factor cost contribution, this paper empirically analyzes the source of the rapid increase of the production costs of classified China's staple crops at both national and provincial level. The results show that, in terms of the average cost of the staple crops at the national level, the labor cost is the factor cost with the highest contribution to the increase of total production costs, while the labor price, especially in the opportunity cost of family self-employment is the main driving force for the continuous increase of labor cost and the total costs of grain production. However, due to different input structures of various staple grains factor as well as different grain production modes and conditions in different regions, there exist inter-crops and inter-provincial differences in the structure of factor cost contribution. In terms of different crops and different major producing provinces, the primary and secondary causes of the rising costs of staple crops production are not the same.

The Evolution of Food Security Fiscal Policy since the Founding of New China and Its Contemporary Enlightenments

MAO Jia, ZHU Shu-bin

2021, 0(4):  114-124. 

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Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's food security fiscal policy has changed from single to diversified, from taking more and giving less to giving more and taking less, thus a relatively complete policy support system has been formed, which has made great contributions to ensuring national food security. On the basis of combing the development process of China's food security fiscal policy, this paper summarizes the internal logical laws of its evolution. However, China's current food security fiscal policy still has many shortcomings in terms of overall support, structural matching, incentive guidance, and implementation, etc., which is not able to fully adapt to the new changes in food supply and demand in the new development stage. In view of this, the current national food security fiscal policy needs to be further optimized in the following four aspects: improving the pertinence of policy guarantees, optimizing the structure of capital investment, improving the performance of fund use, and consolidating the regulatory responsibilities of various localities, so as to achieve independent and controllable food security in China.

Identification and Legal Regulation for Trademark Malicious Lawsuits

JIANG Nan

2021, 0(4):  125-134. 

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Trademark malicious lawsuit is a kind of malicious litigation behavior, and the principle of good faith is the legal basis for regulating trademark malicious lawsuits. There exist some problems in the current laws and regulations, such as unclear definition, insufficient norms and prevention mechanisms, etc.. In judicial practice, the identification of “malicious lawsuits” has different standards, and the standards of compensation for losses are quite complicated, which are not conducive to curb the trend of frequent occurrences of trademark malicious lawsuits in recent years. Aimed at the above problems, in the substantive laws, the trademark malicious lawsuits and the identification standards should be clarified, and the anti-compensation system should be added. In the procedural laws, it is necessary to clarify the pre-litigation injunction system and strictly limit the withdrawal of prosecution. At the same time, the credit regulation mechanism should be further improved to be a supporting measure to the substantive laws and procedural laws to jointly safeguard the interests of the parties. On the basis of learning from foreign advanced experience, trademark malicious lawsuits can be effectively identified and regulated.

The Strengthening of Competitive Neutrality in the Context of the Reconstruction of International Trade and Investment Rules and China's Response

KONG Jun-feng

2021, 0(4):  135-148. 

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The changes and development of global value chains have promoted the rise of service trade and the emergence of a new generation of trade issues. Following this, the evolution of competitive neutral international law and its strengthening in trade and investment rules have brought challenges and opportunities to China. The strengthening of competitive neutrality rules not only has a positive effect of boosting the development of open systems and the upgrading of the systems, but also has a negative effect of hindering the development of state-owned enterprises and the economic development. Weighing the pros and cons, we should construct a domestic policy that converges with international rules, achieve strategic breakthroughs through the “Belt and Road” initiative and the construction of free trade pilot zones, deepen the classified reform of state-owned enterprises, reduce government subsidies, compete for the right to speak on international economic and trade rules, and moderately compromise the balanced response strategy.