当代财经 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (7): 33-45.

• 财政金融 • 上一篇    下一篇

公共数据开放提升地方财政韧性了吗——基于公共数据平台上线的准自然实验

马少杰1, 倪志良1, 李军帅2   

  1. 1.南开大学 经济学院,天津 300071;
    2.河北省社会科学院 农村经济研究所,河北 石家庄 050051
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-30 修回日期:2026-06-05 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-09-14
  • 通讯作者: 马少杰,南开大学博士研究生,主要从事财政理论与实践研究,联系方式shaojiem@163.com。
  • 作者简介:倪志良,南开大学教授,博士生导师,经济学博士,主要从事民生幸福与公共治理研究;李军帅,河北省社会科学院助理研究员,经济学博士,主要从事县域经济研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金青年项目“人口发展新格局下劳动力老化特征及其社会经济影响研究”(22CRK001)

Has the Opening of Public Data Enhanced the Fiscal Resilience of Local Governments: A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on the Launch of Public Data Platforms

Ma Shao-jie1, Ni Zhi-liang1, Li Jun-shuai2   

  1. 1. Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;
    2. Hebei Academy of Social Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
  • Received:2025-06-30 Revised:2026-06-05 Online:2026-07-15 Published:2026-09-14

摘要: 面对日益复杂的国内外环境,保持较强的财政韧性,是巩固财政作为国家治理的基础和重要支柱的必然要求。在数字经济背景下,探讨公共数据开放对地方财政韧性的影响,对于推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化、统筹国家稳定与发展具有重要意义。以公共数据平台上线作为准自然实验,选取2007—2023年地级市面板数据,探究公共数据开放对地方财政韧性的影响和作用机制。研究表明,公共数据开放显著提升了地方财政韧性,且这一促进效应在转移支付依赖度较低、经济政策不确定性较高、政府数字关注度较高以及初始数字基础设施水平较高的地区更加显著。机制检验结果表明,公共数据开放通过技术创新激励效应和政府治理效率提升效应,显著促进了地方财政韧性的提升。因此,建议持续推进公共数据开放,完善数据要素共享机制;因地制宜实施差异化政策,充分释放公共数据要素红利;规范数据要素市场,加快推进数字政府建设。

关键词: 地方财政韧性, 财政可持续性, 公共数据开放, 数字政府建设, 数据要素共享

Abstract: Facing the increasingly complex international and domestic environment, maintaining strong fiscal resilience is an inevitable requirement for deepening finance as the foundation and important pillar of national governance. In the context of the digital economy, exploring the impact of public data opening on local fiscal resilience is of great significance for promoting the modernization of national governance systems and capabilities, and coordinating national stability and development. Using the launch of public data platforms as a quasi-natural experiment, this study selects panel data of prefecture-level cities from 2007 to 2023 to explore the impact and mechanism of public data opening on local fiscal resilience. The results show that public data opening significantly improves local fiscal resilience, and this promoting effect is more prominent in regions with lower dependence on transfer payments, higher economic policy uncertainty, higher government digital attention, and higher initial level of digital infrastructure. Mechanism tests indicate that public data opening significantly enhances local fiscal resilience through the incentive effect of technological innovation and the improvement effect of government governance efficiency. Therefore, it is suggested to continuously promote public data opening and improve the data element sharing mechanism; implement differentiated policies according to local conditions to fully release the dividends of public data elements; standardize the data element market and accelerate the construction of digital government.

Key words: local fiscal resilience, fiscal sustainability, public data opening, digital government construction, data element sharing

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