Abstract: Based on the data from the China Household Income Survey (CHIP2018), this paper constructs a simultaneous equation model to empirically analyze the impact and heterogeneity of livelihood strategies on farmers’ land transfer and non-agricultural employment. The results indicate that livelihood strategies have a significant impact on the joint decision-making of farmers’ land transfer and non-agricultural employment, and that the promoting effect on non-agricultural employment is greater than that on land outflow and than the inhibiting effect on land inflow. The factor allocation decisions of farmers with different livelihood strategy types exhibit the characteristics of heterogeneity, and the mutual influence between land transfer and non-agricultural employment of the agricultural households is not significant. Agricultural part-time households tend to make joint decisions on land inflow and non-agricultural employment, which mutually and significantlyinhibit each other. Thenon-agricultural part time households tend to make joint decisions between land transfer and non-agricultural employment, while non-agricultural employment promote each other with land outflow but inhibit each other with land inflow, both of which have a significant impact. The non farmers tend to make joint decisions between land outflow and non-agricultural employment, both of them promote each other and have a significant impact. Therefore, it is necessary to implement differentiated policy measures and incentive tools based on the types of livelihood strategies for farmers, improve the efficiency of factor resource allocation for farmers and promote the coordinated development of the relationship between human being and land.

Key words: livelihood strategies, non-agricultural employment, land transfer, simultaneous equation, element configuration