Abstract: The Soviet Republic of China was the first national democratic government of workers and peasants in Chinese history. The social governance of the Soviet region broke through the traditional power framework, and the governance subjects presented a structural feature of“one core and two subjects”. The CPC has played a core leadership role in the social governance of the Soviet area and has undertaken an important historical mission. The Soviet government’s leadership in social governance in Soviet areas is an inevitable result and practical need of the construction of the revolutionary base areas. By fully leveraging the role of various mass organizations, the efficiency of social governance in Soviet areas can be maximized. The Soviet group organization undertook the organizational and educational functions of the masses, incorporating the most basic units and individuals of society into the Soviet political system, embedding them into various levels and links of Soviet social governance, and collaborating with the Soviet government to ensure the implementation of the will of the Soviet government. The opening and sustaining mechanism of the democratic system has led to the modern social governance characteristics of the Soviet region, opening up the grassroots democracy and people’s autonomy in modern China. .

Key words: society governance in soviet area, grassroots governance, governance subjects, group organization, Communist Party of China