Abstract: The cooperative economy in the Central Soviet Area has obvious characteristics of the shareholding economy and is the earliest attempt of the Communist Party of China to create a collective economy. The Communist Party of China provided a series of strategies for the cooperative economy in the Central Soviet Area: to introduce resolutions and instructions, so as to provide institutional guarantee for the cooperative economy; to strengthen propaganda and organization work, so as to provide public opinion basis and organizational conditions for the cooperative economy; to set up models, so as to establish a demonstration effect for the cooperative economy; to guide correctly and correct errors timely, establish a reasonable guiding mechanism for the cooperative economy, so as to effectively guide the cooperative economy to embark on a healthy and rapid development path. The performance of the cooperative economy in the Central Soviet Area is obvious and excellent, which could promote the development of agricultural and handicraft production and meet the needs of the people’s production and life. Through regulating the markets and cracking down on speculative traders, the supply of daily necessities could be guaranteed. The connection between the Party and the people is an effective form to organize the masses, mobilize the masses, and educate the masses. The economic construction of the cooperatives in the Central Soviet Area has created a successful precedent of the economic construction led by the Party, which provides an important historical reference to today’s economic construction, especially the cooperative economy in rural revitalization.

Key words: cooperatives; Central Soviet Area; Soviet government; collective economy; shareholding system