Abstract: Rice is one of the main food crops, and the efficiency of rice production plays a crucial role in the national food security. Taking early indica rice as the research object and combining the data of early indica rice production in Jiangxi farmers from 2015 to 2017, this paper makes a data envelopment analysis of the input and output variables and measures the production efficiency of each farmer household with SBM model. Subsequently, it adopts the panel Tobit model to analyze the factors influencing the production efficiency of early indica rice. The findings show that the production efficiency of rice in Jiangxi has been declining year by year in the past three years, that there is a problem of efficiency loss in rice production in terms of seed, fertilizers, pesticides, and agricultural film inputs, that such factors as land size, farmer fertilizer input ratio, seed price, and depreciation of fixed assets have a significant positive effect on production efficiency, that labor input and labor wages have a significant negative impact on efficiency, and that there are significant differences in efficiency between different regions, which is mainly reflected in the efficiency of rice production in the northern Jiangxi being higher than that in the central and southern Jiangxi.

Key words: rice production efficiency; influencing factors; input and output