Abstract: It was through selecting and bumping between the “national road” and the “Soviet model” that the socialist countries in Eastern Europe developed. The transmutation of the socialist development concept in Eastern Europe can be divided into three stages: the passive transplanted Soviet model, the reflectively revised Soviet model, and the dilemma-like development mode. The changes in each stage were closely related to the development of Soviet socialism. The reflection and revision upon the traditional concept of socialist development of Eastern European socialist countries were involved in the plight of a dilemma step by step in the seventies of the last century. Their reform attempting to eliminate the drawbacks of the Soviet model finally brought in new drawbacks that were difficult for them to overcome, and it was these new and old drawbacks that led these socialist countries in Eastern Europe into the pit of final loser.

Key words: Eastern European socialist concept of development; transmutation; historical logic