江西财经大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 94-109.

• “三农”研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国农民究竟是“善分”还是“善合”——论儒家文化对农民合作的影响

崔宝玉1, 王孝璱2   

  1. 1.安徽大学 中国乡村振兴研究院,安徽 合肥 230009;
    2.安徽农业大学 经济管理学院,安徽 合肥 230036
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-15 修回日期:2024-07-05 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2024-09-30
  • 通讯作者: 崔宝玉,安徽大学教授,管理学博士,博士生导师,主要从事农业产业组织研究,联系方式cby00662003@aliyun.com。
  • 作者简介:王孝璱,安徽农业大学讲师,经济学博士,主要从事农业产业组织研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目“数字化转型背景下新农人参与对农民合作社多维绩效的影响机制及其效应研究”(72173001); 教育部人文社会科学规划基金项目“农民合作社新农人参与:契约制度与社会资本转型及其对组织绩效的影响研究”(21YJA790012)

Are Chinese Farmers“Good at Division”or“Good at Cooperation”? On the Influence of Confucian Culture on Farmer Cooperation

CUI Bao-yu1, WANG Xiao-se2   

  1. 1. Anhui Univesity, Hefei 230009;
    2. Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
  • Received:2023-09-15 Revised:2024-07-05 Online:2024-09-25 Published:2024-09-30

摘要: 21世纪以来,关于中国农民究竟是“善分”还是“善合”论争不断。基于2014—2020年中国223个地级市的样本数据,以农民合作社为研究对象,考察儒家文化对农民合作的影响效应及其机制。研究表明:第一,儒家文化促进农民合作,这既是对中国农民“善分不善合”消极观点的有力反驳,更是坚定中国合作社发展的文化自信和道路自信。第二,正式制度在儒家文化对农民合作的促进作用中发挥抑制功能,正式制度越完善,儒家文化对农民合作的增进效应反而越弱。第三,在低开放地区和西部地区,儒家文化对农民合作会发挥更大促进作用,且在2019年合作社政策干预倾向调整后,促进作用更加明显。第四,儒家文化通过提高教育公共设施和社会资本水平间接影响农民合作。因此,政府应重视传统文化对现代合作文化的滋养效应、加快推动合作文化与儒家文化有机融合、加强教育公共设施建设和拓展农民关系网络,以推进农民的组织化与合作化进程。

关键词: 儒家文化, 农民合作, 善分不善合, 正式制度

Abstract: Since the 21 century, whether Chinese farmers are“good at division”or“good at cooperation”has been under constant debate. Based on the sample data of 223 prefecture-level cities in China from 2014 to 2020, this paper investigates the effect of Confucian culture on farmers’ cooperation and its mechanism by taking farmers’ cooperatives as the research object. The findings show that, first, Confucian culture can promote farmers’ cooperation, which is not only a strong rebuttal to the negative view that Chinese farmers are“good at dividing but not good at cooperating”but also the cultural confidence and path confidence in the development of Chinese cooperatives. Second, the formal system plays a suppressive role in the promotion of farmers’ cooperation by Confucian culture, and the better the formal system, the weaker the promotion effect of Confucian culture on farmers’ cooperation. Third, Confucian culture will play a greater role in promoting farmers’ cooperation in the lower open areas and the western regions, and the promoting effect of Confucian culture on farmers’ cooperation has become more obvious since the adjustment of the tendency of cooperative policy intervention in 2019. Fourth, Confucian culture can indirectly influence farmers’ cooperation by increasing the level of educational public facilities and social capital. Therefore, we should attach importance to the nourishing effect of traditional culture on modern cooperative culture, promote the organic integration of Confucian culture and cooperative culture, adhere to expanding opening up to the outside world, strengthen the construction of educational public facilities, expand the network of farmer relationships, and accelerate the process of farmer organization and cooperation.

Key words: Confucian culture, farmer cooperation, good at division, not good at cooperation, formal system

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