江西财经大学学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 110-122.

• 法与经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

数字经济时代企业数据财产权确权研究

李森   

  1. 南京大学 法学院,江苏 南京 210093
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-26 修回日期:2024-06-25 出版日期:2024-09-25 发布日期:2024-09-30
  • 作者简介:李森,南京大学博士研究生,主要从事理论法学研究,联系方式513770309@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目“网络发展对西藏社会稳定的影响及其法律对策研究”(19BFX026)

Research on the Confirmation of Enterprise Data Property Rights in the Era of Digital Economy

LI Sen   

  1. Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
  • Received:2024-01-26 Revised:2024-06-25 Online:2024-09-25 Published:2024-09-30

摘要: 学术界对企业数据财产权如何规范与保护形成两类观点:非确权的场景化行为规制模式与确权的制度化赋权规制进路。相较而论,确权进路致力于通过立法赋权来调整用户和企业以及企业之间围绕数据要素的开发利用所形成的利益关系,契合数据要素价值形成的内在机理以及数据利用流通的市场需求,所以更具优势。但囿于数据之上人格权和财产权两权思想的禁锢,无论是“权利束”还是“权利分割”的确权理论,都在用户和企业之间构建复杂的数据权利结构。鉴于数字经济发展所引发的数据来源者法定权益与数据处理者财产权相分离的现象,结合用户与企业在数据价值形成过程中实质影响力的差异性,企业数据财产权确权宜采取“单一赋权+合理限制”的理论构造,将数据财产权单独赋予企业,同时以保障数据来源者的法定在先权益,以及公益性数据强制流通与许可等规则作为企业数据财产权的限制。

关键词: 数字经济, 数据财产权, 个人信息

Abstract: The academic community has formed two types of views on how to regulate and protect enterprise data property rights: the scenario-based behavioral regulation model without confirmation of rights and the institutionalized empowerment regulation approach with confirmation of rights. In comparison, the approach of confirmation of rights is committed to adjusting the interest relationship formed by users, enterprises, and enterprises around the development and utilization of data elements through legislative empowerment, which is more advantageous in line with the internal mechanism of the formation of data element value and the market demand for data utilization and circulation. However, it is constrained by the rigid dichotomy between personality rights and property rights associated with data, both the “bundle of rights” and the “division of rights” theories have constructed complex data right structures between users and enterprises. Given the phenomenon of the separation of the legal rights of data sources and the property rights of data processors caused by the development of the digital economy, combined with the differences in the substantial influence of users and enterprises in the process of data value formation, the confirmation of enterprise data property rights should adopt a theoretical structure of “single empowerment + reasonable restrictions”, which grants the data property rights solely to enterprises, while simultaneously restricting these rights by ensuring the statutory prior rights of data sources, as well as rules for mandatory circulation and licensing of public interest data.

Key words: data economics, data property rights, personal information

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