关键词: 农村扶贫, 历史演变, 精准扶贫, 政策实践

Abstract: Poverty is an important issue of concern to governments and relevant international organizations. Since the beginning of reform and opening-up, China’s rural poverty alleviation policies have undergone four stages: the relief-oriented poverty alleviation under the institutional reform (1978-1985), the institutionalized development-oriented poverty alleviation and problem solving stage (1986-2000), the formation and development stage of the Great Poverty Alleviation (2001-2013), and the stage of targeted poverty alleviation (2014-present). With the rapid economic development after the reform and opening-up and the increasing efforts of the state in poverty alleviation and development in rural areas, the poverty-stricken population has been reduced rapidly, and brilliant achievements have been made. However, according to our analysis, there still exist such problems in the practice of poverty alleviation in the rural areas as how to precisely target poverty alleviation objects, how to integrate poverty alleviation funds, how to mobilize the participation of poverty alleviation objects, and so on.

Key words: rural poverty alleviation; historical evolution; precise poverty alleviation; policy practice