当代财经 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 73-85.

• 智能经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

人工智能与制造业虚拟集聚

刘箫楠1, 陈运平2,1   

  1. 1.江西师范大学 管理科学与工程研究中心,江西 南昌 330022;
    2.江西省社会科学院,江西 南昌 330077
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-31 修回日期:2026-05-14 出版日期:2026-06-15 发布日期:2026-06-17
  • 通讯作者: 陈运平,江西省社会科学院教授,江西师范大学教授,博士生导师,主要从事区域经济、创新与发展管理研究,联系方式15210095283@163.com。
  • 作者简介:刘箫楠,江西师范大学博士研究生,主要从事数字经济、创新与发展管理研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金重大项目“新一代人工智能对中国经济高质量发展的影响、趋向及应对战略研究”(20&ZD068)

Artificial Intelligence and Manufacturing Virtual Agglomeration

Liu Xiao-nan1, Chen Yun-ping2   

  1. 1. Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022;
    2. Jiangxi Academy of Social Sciences, Nanchang 330077, China
  • Received:2025-07-31 Revised:2026-05-14 Online:2026-06-15 Published:2026-06-17

摘要: 人工智能在制造业中的深度应用,正在推动制造业从传统的地理集聚向虚拟集聚演进。然而,既有研究仍主要聚焦地理集聚,对制造业虚拟集聚的关注相对不足,尤其缺乏关于人工智能影响制造业虚拟集聚的系统性考察。基于2014—2022年中国261个城市的面板数据,以专利数量测度人工智能发展水平,并构建涵盖知识溢出网络、生产平台网络、市场网络和网络支撑能力的制造业虚拟集聚综合指数。实证结果表明:第一,人工智能水平的提升能够显著增强城市制造业虚拟集聚的程度;第二,人力资本和创业活力是人工智能促进制造业虚拟集聚的重要传导渠道,人工智能通过促进人力资本积累和激发创业活力,间接推动制造业虚拟集聚的形成与深化;第三,人工智能对制造业虚拟集聚的促进作用,在东部与中部地区、市场化水平较高地区以及研发投入较高地区表现更为突出,存在显著的区域异质性与环境异质性。研究发现,应围绕人工智能发展、人力资本积累与创业生态优化,依据地区发展阶段实施差异化的区域布局,并形成协同推进的政策格局,以更好把握数字经济背景下制造业虚拟集聚的发展趋势。

关键词: 人工智能, 制造业虚拟集聚, 人力资本, 创业活力

Abstract: The deep application of AI in manufacturing is driving the evolution of manufacturing from traditional geographical agglomeration toward virtual agglomeration. However, the existing studies still focus primarily on geographical agglomeration and pay relatively limited attention to manufacturing virtual agglomeration, especially lacking systematic investigation into how AI influences manufacturing virtual agglomeration. Based on the panel data of 261 Chinese cities from 2014 to 2022, this paper measures the level of artificial intelligence development based on the number of patents, and constructs a comprehensive index of manufacturing virtual agglomeration that covers knowledge spillover networks, production platform networks, market networks, and network support capabilities. The results show that, first, the improvements in the level of AI can significantly enhance the degree of manufacturing virtual agglomeration at the city level. Second, human capital and entrepreneurial vitality serve as important transmission channels through which AI promotes manufacturing virtual agglomeration; by fostering human capital accumulation and stimulating entrepreneurial vitality, AI indirectly facilitates the formation and deepening of manufacturing virtual agglomeration. Third, the promoting effect of AI on manufacturing virtual agglomeration is more pronounced in eastern and central regions, in regions with higher levels of marketization, and in regions with greater R&D investment, indicating clear regional and contextual heterogeneity. These findings suggest that we should focus on the development of artificial intelligence, accumulation of human capital, and optimization of entrepreneurial ecology, implement differentiated regional layouts based on regional development stages, and form a policy pattern of coordinated promotion to better grasp the development trend of virtual agglomeration in the manufacturing industry under the background of digital economy.

Key words: AI, manufacturing virtual agglomeration, human capital, entrepreneurial vitality

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