政府补助和减税降费对企业创新效率的影响——基于制造业上市企业的门槛效应分析

当代财经 ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (3): 28-39.

政府补助和减税降费对企业创新效率的影响——基于制造业上市企业的门槛效应分析

伍红, 郑家兴

江西财经大学财税与公共管理学院,江西南昌 330013

收稿日期:2020-09-15 修回日期:2021-01-12 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-03-16
通讯作者: 郑家兴,江西财经大学博士研究生,主要从事财税理论与政策研究,联系方式420382836@qq.com。
作者简介:伍红,江西财经大学教授,博士生导师,博士,主要从事财税理论与政策研究。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金项目“高质量发展下我国创新激励的税收政策效应分析”（18BJ218）

The Impact of Government Subsidies and Reduction of Taxes and Fees on the Efficiency of Enterprises Innovation: An Analysis of the Threshold Effect Based on the Listed Manufacturing Enterprises

WU Hong, ZHENG Jia-xing

Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China

Received:2020-09-15 Revised:2021-01-12 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-03-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 我国实施创新驱动发展战略以来,政府在支出和收入两个方面实行多种激励企业创新的政策。利用2015—2017年我国制造业上市企业数据,检验了政府补助和减税降费对提升制造业企业创新效率的有效性。研究发现：第一,政府补助力度对制造业企业创新效率呈正向激励,实际税费负担率对制造业企业创新效率呈负向激励;第二,政府补助力度对制造业企业的创新效率存在双重门槛效应,实际税费负担率则仅对高端制造业企业的创新效率存在单一门槛效应;第三,政府补助力度对高端、中端和低端制造业企业的创新效率产生促进作用时的门槛值分别为5.78%、13.14%和20.35%,实际税费负担率低于1.24%的门槛值时对高端制造业企业创新效率的抑制作用会有所缓解,但对中端和低端制造业企业的影响不显著。因此,建议总体上提高对制造业企业创新的政府补助力度,降低企业实际税费负担率;针对不同层次的制造业,应逐步减少低端制造业企业创新对政府补助的过度依赖,重点降低高端制造业企业生产经营中的税费负担,提升政府补助和减税降费对激励制造业企业创新的有效性。

关键词: 政府补助, 减税降费, 制造业企业, 企业创新效率, 门槛效应

Abstract: Since China implemented the innovation-driven development strategy, the government has put into effect a variety of policies to encourage enterprises’ innovation in terms of expenditure and revenue. By making use of the data of China’s listed manufacturing enterprises from 2015 to 2017, this paper checks the effectiveness of government subsidies and reduction of taxes and fees on the improvement of corporate innovation efficiency. The findings show that, firstly, the strength of government subsidy has a positive incentive for the innovation efficiency of manufacturing enterprises, and the actual tax burden rate has a negative incentive for the innovation efficiency of these enterprises. Secondly, the strength of government subsidy has a double threshold effect on the innovation efficiency of the manufacturing enterprises, while the actual tax burden rate only has a single threshold effect on the innovation efficiency of high-end manufacturing enterprises. Thirdly, the threshold values from the promotion of government subsidies to the innovation efficiency of high-end, mid-end and low-end manufacturing enterprises are 5.78%, 13.14%, and 20.35% respectively. When the actual tax burden rate is lower than the threshold value of 1.24%, the inhibitory effect on the innovation efficiency of high-end manufacturing enterprises will be alleviated, but the impact on mid-end and low-end manufacturing enterprises is not significant. Therefore, it is recommended to increase government subsidies on the whole for the innovation in manufacturing enterprises, and to reduce the actual tax burden rate of them. As for different kinds of manufacturing enterprises, it is necessary to reduce the excessive dependence of low-end manufacturing enterprises on government subsidies for innovation, the focus should be on reducing the tax burden of high-end manufacturing enterprises in their production and operation, so as to improve the effectiveness of government subsidies and reduction of taxes and fees in the motivation of corporate innovation of manufacturing enterprises.

Key words: government subsidies, reduction of taxes and fees, efficiency of enterprise innovation, threshold effect

中图分类号:

F812.4

伍红, 郑家兴. 政府补助和减税降费对企业创新效率的影响——基于制造业上市企业的门槛效应分析[J]. 当代财经, 2021, 0(3): 28-39.

WU Hong, ZHENG Jia-xing. The Impact of Government Subsidies and Reduction of Taxes and Fees on the Efficiency of Enterprises Innovation: An Analysis of the Threshold Effect Based on the Listed Manufacturing Enterprises[J]. Contemporary Finance & Economics, 2021, 0(3): 28-39.

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