Abstract: Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, China's food security fiscal policy has changed from single to diversified, from taking more and giving less to giving more and taking less, thus a relatively complete policy support system has been formed, which has made great contributions to ensuring national food security. On the basis of combing the development process of China's food security fiscal policy, this paper summarizes the internal logical laws of its evolution. However, China's current food security fiscal policy still has many shortcomings in terms of overall support, structural matching, incentive guidance, and implementation, etc., which is not able to fully adapt to the new changes in food supply and demand in the new development stage. In view of this, the current national food security fiscal policy needs to be further optimized in the following four aspects: improving the pertinence of policy guarantees, optimizing the structure of capital investment, improving the performance of fund use, and consolidating the regulatory responsibilities of various localities, so as to achieve independent and controllable food security in China.

Key words: food security, food fiscal policy, marketization, balance of supply and demand