Abstract: Power has the evil of being abused, which is decided by the separation of power ownership and the right to use the powers, the concentration and coerciveness of the distribution right on resources, as well as its corrodibility and interchangeability. In order to curb the evil of being abused, power must be restricted, supervised and put into the institutional cage. Among them, the restriction and supervision of the top leaders’ power is the key to the restriction and supervision of power. The imperfect institution and the value rationality of lacking awareness of the institution is the root of the problem of restriction and supervision of top leaders’ power. Therefore, in order to strengthen the restriction and supervision of top leaders’ power, efforts should be made to conduct a top-level design for the institution, to weave a rigorous institutional cage, and foster the value rationality of institutional awareness.

Key words: power of top leaders; restriction; supervision; institutional cage; value rationality