Abstract: As a new leap in the quality of productivity development, the new quality productivity is a disruptive force driving the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. From the perspective of driving logic, the new quality productivity empowers the improvement of agricultural efficiency by reducing costs, improving efficiency, and enhancing quality. It promotes the upgrading of the agricultural industry by promoting the emergence of new business models, facilitating the integration of agriculture, culture, and tourism, and developing the strategic emerging and future industries. It strengthens the construction of the agricultural talent teams by promoting the improvement of the quality of agricultural talents, increasing employment opportunities for agricultural talents, and promoting interaction and cooperation among agricultural talents. It also leads the construction of green rural areas by promoting innovative applications of new energy, new materials, and green industry models. However, there are still practical difficulties in empowering the modernization of agriculture and rural areas with new quality productivity, such as insufficient innovation in key core technologies, shallow integration of agricultural industry and digital economy, widening urban-rural digital divide, weak ecological rural construction, etc.. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen key core technological innovations, promote the transformation of agricultural research achievements, promote the deep integration of agricultural industry and digital technology, empower industrial development, enhance farmers’ digital literacy, build a multi-level agricultural innovative talent system, strengthen the institutional and economic support for ecological rural areas, and promote the construction of ecological rural areas as practical paths to further promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

Key words: new quality productivity, modernization of agriculture and rural areas, driving logic, realistic dilemma, practical path