Abstract: From the glorious achievements of ancient China, the“great divergence”of modernization and development between the East and the West, and the suffering of modern China to a great country with open economy, the law of historical development shows that openness, inclusiveness and mutual learning among civilizations are the only path for a country, especially a major country, to become prosperous and strong. However, in the face of the rapid rise of emerging economies represented by China, the developed countries have set off a new round of anti-globalization wave with the means of the large-scale trade friction and technological blockade against China, the“de-Sinification”of the global industrial chain layout, and the re-formulation of high-standard international economic and trade rules. Thus China's open economic development is faced with a huge test. Therefore, China has comprehensively accelerated the transformation of an open economy by expanding new space for opening-up, accelerating institution-based opening-up, advocating a new type of globalization, and speeding up the interconnected double circulation both at home and abroad. In order to comprehensively promote Chinese style modernization, China should continuously expand its high-level opening to the outside world, constantly enhanceits endogenous growth capacity, pay more attention to the construction of domestic institutions, lay more emphasis on the integration of domestic and foreign resources, and strive for prosperity through both internal and external cultivation.

Key words: open economy, the road to prosperity of great powers, internal and external cultivation