Abstract: When constructing the socialist political economics with Chinese characteristics in the new era, it is necessary to abandon dogmatism and pragmatism and solve several theoretical difficulties. Although the thinking methods of Marx and Engels belong to the same materialist dialectics, there still exist some individual differences, so we should return to Marx to understand his classic works. To grasp the characteristics of the times of contemporary China, it is necessary to clarify the relationship between Marx’s“five-stage theory”and the“three-stage theory”. We should understand the relationship between former and later 30 years from the different tasks of different times. To understand the system of ownership and the income distribution principle, we must be free from the shackles of utopian socialism.

Key words: Xi Jinping era; Marx’s theory; Chinese platform; theoretical difficulties