Abstract: It is extremely significant to conduct an in-depth study of the perception, judgment and evaluation of the social members towards the satisfaction from the initial distribution fairness and redistribution fairness at present China, which can help the government formulate scientific and rational regulatory policies, promote distributive justice, improve the residents’ satisfaction, and maintain social harmony and stability. At the present stage, the inequality of income distribution has exceeded the reasonable limit. The degrees of income distribution inequality of the residents are quite different due to the differences existing at such aspects as personal and family characteristics, human capital, material capital, political capital, occupation and so on. The satisfaction degrees of the residents towards the present initial distribution fairness and the redistribution fairness are higher, and the satisfaction degree towards the initial distribution fairness is greater than that towards the redistribution fairness, the satisfaction degree of the urban residents is greater than that of the rural residents. Among the indexes of satisfaction, such as the starting point fairness, the process fairness, the result fairness, and the redistribution fairness, the residents have lower degrees of satisfaction towards public infrastructure, employment fairness, openness of government affairs and transparency of public information, helping the disadvantaged groups and so on.

Key words: initial distribution fairness; redistribution fairness; satisfaction; evaluation index