中国配偶退休的健康溢出效应与机制研究

江西财经大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (1): 55-67.

中国配偶退休的健康溢出效应与机制研究

熊晓涵, 李锐

中南财经政法大学公共管理学院,湖北武汉 430073

收稿日期:2019-12-10 修回日期:2020-02-21 出版日期:2021-01-25 发布日期:2021-01-19
通讯作者: 李锐,中南财经政法大学教授,博士生导师,主要从事养老金经济学研究,联系方式lirui1978217@zuel.edu.cn。
作者简介:熊晓涵,中南财经政法大学博士研究生,主要从事养老金经济学研究。
基金资助:
教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“中国积极就业政策‘撇脂效应'机理、评估与治理研究”（20YJAZH056）; 全国统计科学研究项目“基于管理数据的‘全国统筹'转轨过程评估与优化研究”（2018LY34）; 中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助（202011207）

A Study of the Health Spillover Effect and Mechanism of China's Spouse Retirement

XIONG Xiao-han, LI Rui

Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan 430073, China

Received:2019-12-10 Revised:2020-02-21 Online:2021-01-25 Published:2021-01-19

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于家庭追踪调查（CFPS）2010—2016年非平衡面板数据,构建双模糊断点回归模型,在不同窗宽下实证研究了配偶退休对个人健康的溢出效应及家庭照料在其中的影响机制。研究表明：配偶退休显著提高了男性自评健康水平28%~44.3%,而显著降低了女性自评健康大约32%,影响机制是配偶退休后,丈夫得到更多配偶照料,妻子收入减少且加大了对丈夫的照料;配偶退休对男女心理健康的溢出效应显著为正向影响,锻炼频率是主要影响机制;对男女患慢性病情况,配偶退休没有显著影响。政府应重视家庭照料对健康养老的作用,给予女性退休人员更多健康管理服务与健康教育,推出家庭体育锻炼计划;支持并鼓励男性低龄退休人员重返劳动力市场;实施渐进式延迟退休政策,逐步普及智慧养老。

关键词: 溢出效应, 健康, 退休政策, 家庭照料

Abstract: Based on the unbalanced panel data of China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) 2010-2016, this paper constructs a Double Fuzzy Breakpoint Regression Model to conduct an empirical study of the spillover effect of spouse retirement on personal health and the influencing mechanism of family care in it under different window widths. The results show that spouse retirement has significantly improved the male self-assessed health by 28%~44.3%, and significantly reduced the female self-assessed health by about 32%. The affecting mechanism is that after the retirement of spouse, the husband can get more care from his spouse, while the wife can care more for her husband though her income decreases. The spillover effect of spouse retirement on men's and women's mental health is manifested as a positive effect, and the frequency of exercise is the main affecting mechanism. As for male and female suffering from chronic diseases, spouse retirement has no significant effect. The government should pay attention to the role of family care in health care, give retired female elderly more health management services and health care education, launch family physical exercise programs, support and encourage retired young male to return to the labor market, implement progressively delayed retirement policy, and gradually popularize the Smart Home Care.

Key words: spillover effect, health, retirement policy, family care

中图分类号:

C913.7

熊晓涵, 李锐. 中国配偶退休的健康溢出效应与机制研究[J]. 江西财经大学学报, 2021, 0(1): 55-67.

XIONG Xiao-han, LI Rui. A Study of the Health Spillover Effect and Mechanism of China's Spouse Retirement[J]. Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, 2021, 0(1): 55-67.

参考文献

[1] Insler M.The Health Consequences of Retirement[J]. The Journal of Human Resources, 2014, 49(1): 195-233.
[2] 邓婷鹤, 何秀荣. 退休对男性老年人健康的影响——基于断点回归的实证研究[J]. 人口与经济, 2016, (6): 82-91.
[3] 雷晓燕, 谭力, 赵耀辉. 退休会影响健康吗?[J]. 经济学(季刊),2010, (4): 1539-1558.
[4] Coe N.B., Zamarro G. Retirement Effects on Health in Europe[J]. Journal of Health Economics, 2011, 30(1): 77-86.
[5] Behncke S.Does Retirement Trigger Ill Health?[J]. Health Economics, 2012, 21(3): 282-300.
[6] Lindeboom M.An Econometric Analysis of the Mental-health Effects of Major Events in the Life of Older Individuals[J]. Journal of Health Economics, 2002, 11(6): 505-520.
[7] Stancanelli E.G. F., Van Soest A. Retirement and Home Production: A Regression Discontinuity Approach[R]. IZA Discussion Paper No. 6229, 2012.
[8] Stancanelli E.G. F., Van Soest A. Joint Leisure Before and After Retirement: A Double Regression Discontinuity Approach[R]. IZA Discussion Paper No. 6698, 2012.
[9] Stancanelli E.G. F. Divorcing Upon Retirement: A Regression Discontinuity Study[R]. IZA Discussion Paper No. 8117, 2014.
[10] Bonsang E., Van Soest A.Time Devoted to Home Production and Retirement in Couples: A Panel Data Analysis[J]. Labour Economics, 2020, 65(3): 1-12.
[11] Ciani E.Retirement, Pension Eligibility and Home Production[J]. Labour Economics, 2016, 38(3): 106-120.
[12] Bertoni M., Brunello G.Pappa Ante Portas: The Effect of the Husband's Retirement on the Wife's Mental Health in Japan[J]. Social Science & Medicine, 2017, 175(3): 135-142.
[13] Müller T., Shaikh M.Your Retirement and My Health Behavior: Evidence on Retirement Externalities from A Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design[J]. Journal of Health Economics, 2018, 57(1): 45-59.
[14] Atalay K., Zhu R.The Effect of A Wife's Retirement on Her Husband's Mental Health[J]. Applied Economics, 2018, 50(43): 4606-4616.
[15] Picchio M., Van Ours J.C. The Causal Effect of Retirement on Health and Happiness[R]. Department of Economics and Social Sciences Working Paper, 2018.
[16] Iris V.D. H., Van Rijn R. M., Robroek S. J. Is Retirement Good for Your Health? A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies[J]. BMC Public Health, 2013, 13(1): 1-11.
[17] Holdsworth C., Mendonca M., Pikhart H.Is Regular Drinking in Later Life an Indicator of Good Health? Evidence from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing[J]. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 2016, 70(8): 764-770.
[18] 董夏燕, 臧文斌. 退休对中老年人健康的影响研究[J]. 人口学刊, 2017, 39(1): 76-88.
[19] 刘生龙, 郎晓娟. 退休对中国老年人口身体健康和心理健康的影响[J]. 人口研究, 2017, (5):74-88.
[20] Grossman M.On the Concept of Health Capital and the Demand for Health[J]. Journal of Political Economy, 1972, 80(2): 223-255.
[21] Galama T., Kapteyn A., Fonseca R., Michaud P.C. A Health Production Model with Endogenous Retirement[J]. Health Economics, 2013, 22(8): 883-902.
[22] Mcdonough P., Williams D.R., Duncan H. G. J. Gender and the Socioeconomic Gradient in Mortality[J]. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 1999, 40(1): 17-31.
[23] Lee D.S., Lemieux T. Regression Discontinuity Designs in Economics[J]. Journal of Economic Literature, 2010, 48(2): 281-355.
[24] Roux A.V. D., Evenson K. R., Mcginn A. P. Availability of Recreational Resources and Physical Activity in Adults[J]. American Journal of Public Health, 2007, 97(3): 493-499.
[25] 吕雪松. 论体育锻炼与健康的关系[J]. 科学咨询(科技·管理),2010, (16): 118.
[26] 唐铭坚, 谭礼萍, 刘争红. 吸烟对健康的危害及控烟策略[J]. 中国医药导报, 2012, (22): 155-156.
[27] 卓家同. 饮酒与健康危害及其干预的研究进展[J]. 中国慢性病预防与控制, 2010, (4): 431-433.
[28] Pique R. Higher Pay, Worse Outcomes? The Impact of Mayoral Wages on Local Government Quality in Peru[J]. Journal of Public Economics, 2019, 173(5): 1-20.
[29] Gelman A., Imbens G.Why High-order Polynomials Should Not Be Used in Regression Discontinuity Designs[J]. Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, 2019, 37(3): 447-456.
[30] Baltagi B.H. 面板数据计量经济分析[M]. 第4版. 白仲林等译. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2010.