江西财经大学学报 ›› 2016, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (06): 335-.

• • 上一篇    

消费民事公益诉讼的实现路径选择:集团诉讼——基于新制度经济学的视角

蒋岩波,洪一军   

  1. (江西财经大学 法学院,江西 南昌 330032)
  • 发布日期:2021-01-21
  • 作者简介:蒋岩波,江西财经大学教授,主要从事经济法和反垄断法研究;洪一军,江西财经大学博士研究生,云南省高级人民法院法官,主要从事经济法和反垄断法研究,联系方式717011337@qq.com。

Path Choice of Realization of Consumers’ Civil Public Benefits Litigation from the Perspective of the New Institutional Economics: Class Action

JIANG Yan-bo, HONG Yi-jun   

  1. (Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, Nanchang 330013, China)
  • Published:2021-01-21

摘要: 突破消费民事公益诉讼排除个人诉权的传统障碍,需要从新制度经济学的视角比较集团诉讼和其他替代方式的制度正义和制度效率。集团诉讼的私人检察官启动模式把少数人的积极性和司法监控结合起来,把诉的利益真正直接赔偿给消费者,比其他替代方式更有效接近正义。集团诉讼的本质是让人数不确定的多数人扫清集体行动的障碍达成合并诉讼的一种治理机制,而代表人诉讼制度缺乏从人的角度考虑法律实施的交易成本,增加诉讼的难度。有必要引入集团诉讼完善中国消费公益诉讼的实施机制。

关键词: 消费民事公益诉讼,社会实施,集团诉讼,交易成本

Abstract: To break through the traditional obstacle of eliminating personal just claim in the consumers’ civil public benefits litigation, it is necessary to compare the institutional justice and institutional efficiency of the group action with other alternative ways from the perspective of the new institutional economics. The private prosecutor initiating mode of group action combines the enthusiasm of the minority with the judicial supervision, which can really compensate the interests of the litigants directly to the consumers, so it is a more effective way approaching justice than other alternatives. The nature of group litigation is a kind of governing mechanism for the majority with uncertain number to eliminate the obstacles in their collective action so as to reach consolidated action; while the representative litigation system cannot consider the transaction cost of law enforcement from the human angle, which would increase the difficulty of litigation. Therefore, it is necessary to introduce group actions so as to improve the implementation mechanism of Chinese consumers’ public benefit litigation.

Key words: consumers’ civil public benefits litigation; social enforcement; class action; transaction costs