关键词: 价值,使用价值,科技效率因子,全劳动生产率,全要素生产率

Abstract: How to introduce scientific and technological progress into the quantitative researches of Marxist political economy? The basic idea is that, in addition to the further in-depth quantitative researches on how work creates value and how to allocate the value, new areas must be exploited in such issues as the production, distribution, exchange, allocation and consumption of value. In Volume 1-3 of Das Kapital, Marx introduced such concepts as constant capital C, variable capital V, surplus value M■, then a formula of “production of the value of each commodity M■ is derived, W■=M■+C+M”. Now it is recommended to use the surplus use value M■, constant capital C, variable capital V, and the use value of goods M■ in the trial formula W■=M■+C+V, while W■=N·W■. In the formula, N is the generalized scientific and technological efficiency factor N, including the natural, social and humanity sciences. Thus a total labor productivity T can be defined, including scientific and technological progress. Then it can be seen that (T-1) is the total factor productivity (TFP), which is usually discussed in the textbooks of economics.

Key words: value; use value; scientific and technological efficiency factor; total labor productivity; TFP