Abstract: While the global value chain division of labor enhances efficiency, it also raises issues of security and stability in industrial and supply chains. Therefore, how to improve the resilience of industrial and supply chains and balance openness with security is a common challenge faced by countries worldwide. Theoretical analysis shows that the resilience of industrial and supply chains involves the three dimensions: Distortion level, recovery level, and recovery speed, all of which are related to the smooth flow of intermediate goods. In other words, the availability, efficiency and quality of intermediate goods largely determine the three dimensions of industrial and supply chain resilience. The endogenous requirement of the global value chain division of labor for“seamless integration”across different production stages necessitates a more stable, transparent, and predictable institutional environment for the smooth flow of intermediate goods. Institutional openness, characterized by“domestic openness, rule orientation, policy coordination, and two-way integration”, constructs an institutional framework to ensure the smooth flow of intermediate goods, thereby systematically addressing the three dimensions of industrial and supply chain resilience and achieving dynamic stability from shock resistance to rapid recovery. This is precisely the underlying logic behind China’s continuous emphasis and vigorous promotion of institutional openness in recent years. It should be further emphasized that, with the evolution of economic forms and international division of labor, the connotation and extension of intermediate goods are also undergoing profound changes. Hence, to enhance the resilience of China’s industrial and supply chains, a path system should be constructed in terms of specific countermeasures and measures, which includes vertical deepening, horizontal expansion, systematic coordination, and differentiated implementation.

Key words: institutional openness, industrial chain and supply chain, resilience