Abstract: Common prosperity is the essential requirement of socialism with Chinese characteristics and the fundamental purpose of high-quality development. As a new type of productivity development in the new era, the logical sorting, mechanism deconstruction, dilemma analysis and pathway exploration for new quality productive forces enabling common prosperity can help create a new situation of China’s high-quality development, which is of great significance in guiding the promotion of the common prosperity in the new stage of development. Multidisciplinary theories, national policies and regional practices all provide theoretical support, institutional guarantees and case studies for new quality productive forces enabling common prosperity. New quality productive forces consolidate the material foundation of common prosperity, satisfy the spiritual needs of common prosperity, narrow the gap in common prosperity development through “technology-factor-industry”, therefore inject new momentum, cultivate new foundation, and provide new opportunities for common prosperity. However, the new quality productive forces enabling common prosperity still faces technological dilemma, factor dilemma, and industrial dilemma. Therefore, in the future, we should strengthen the multi-dimensional drive of technological innovation, application and popularization, the multi-dimensional support of factor integration, configuration and identification, and the multiple promotion of industrial optimization, integration and regulation, so as to promote the new quality productive forces to accurately play a role in material prosperity, spiritual prosperity, and coordinated development.

Key words: common prosperity, new quality productive forces, basic logic, mechanism, key pathway