Abstract: Deindustrialization is an unbalanced phenomenon of economic structure in the process of industrialization, being reflected at such aspects as factor allocation, industrial structure, regional economies, and value chain. This kind of imbalance has brought about some grave consequences to the development of the national economy. The important theoretical resources for the study of the issue of deindustrialization are the following: the theory of industrial structure, the theory of industrial transfer, the development theory of structuralism, the polarization theory, etc.. From the perspective of structural unbalance, there exists not only some form of entire deindustrialization, but also obvious regional deindustrialization in China. In the present international context with louder and louder crying for reindustrialization in the developed countries, a thorough study of deindustrialization has important realistic significance in China, whether for the prevention of future crisis, or for the optimization of economic structure and the transformation of economic development mode.

Key words: deindustrialization; industrialization; industrial transfer; structural imbalance