生产率提升、资本深化与数字密集型产业发展

当代财经 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (10): 109-122.

生产率提升、资本深化与数字密集型产业发展

宋培¹, 李琳², 艾阳³, 陈晓英⁴

1.上海交通大学安泰经济与管理学院,上海 200030;
2.上海社会科学院应用经济研究所,上海 200020;
3.郑州大学商学院,河南郑州 450001;
4.南开大学经济学院,天津 300071

收稿日期:2025-04-02 修回日期:2026-09-17 出版日期:2026-10-15 发布日期:2026-10-30
通讯作者: 李琳（1995—）,女,山西太原人,经济学博士,上海社会科学院助理研究员,主要从事产业经济研究,联系方式lilin03697965@163.com。
作者简介:宋培（1995—）,男,江苏盐城人,经济学博士,上海交通大学博士后研究人员,主要从事数字经济研究;艾阳（2000—）,女,河南许昌人,经济学博士,郑州大学副教授,主要从事产业经济研究;陈晓英（1996—）,女,山东临沂人,南开大学博士研究生,主要从事产业经济研究。
基金资助:
国家社会科学基金青年项目“人工智能驱动下产业升级与收入分配之间的结构性失衡及协同治理研究”（25CJY147）; 国家资助博士后研究人员计划（GZC20252436）

Productivity Improvement, Capital Deepening and Digital-Intensive Industry Development

Song Pei¹, Li Lin², Ai Yang³, Chen Xiaoying⁴

1. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China;
2. Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences, Shanghai 200020, China;
3. Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
4. Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China

Received:2025-04-02 Revised:2026-09-17 Online:2026-10-15 Published:2026-10-30

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 加快发展数字密集型产业是构建现代化产业体系的重要途径。构建多部门一般均衡模型,从理论层面阐释生产率提升和资本深化推动产业结构由非数字密集型向数字密集型转变的内在机制,并将模型应用于中国产业结构转型实践进行量化评估。反事实模拟结果表明：第一,生产率提升是中国产业结构由非数字密集型向数字密集型转变的重要驱动力。2000-2014年,中国数字密集型产业全要素生产率的下降使得数字密集型产业的就业份额和产值份额分别少增长1.61和1.63个百分点,非数字密集型产业全要素生产率的提升使得非数字密集型产业的就业份额和产值份额均多增长0.24个百分点。第二,由于数字密集型产业的资本产出弹性和资本密集水平更高,资本深化能够显著促进数字密集型产业的发展。2000-2014年,中国投资率的提升促使数字密集型产业的就业份额和产值份额分别增长1.64和1.68个百分点。第三,降低劳动力市场摩擦程度有助于促进产业结构转型。随着中国经济市场化改革的持续推进,2000-2014年,劳动力市场摩擦程度的下降促使数字密集型产业的就业份额和产值份额分别增长10.59和0.71个百分点。对此,为了大力发展数字密集型产业,要提升全要素生产率,强化投资动能,优化投资结构,破除要素市场壁垒。

关键词: 数字密集型产业, 产业结构转型, 全要素生产率, 资本深化, 市场摩擦

Abstract: The development of digital-intensive industries is an important way for China to build a modern industrial system. The paper constructs a multi-sectoral general equilibrium model to explain the mechanism of productivity improvement and capital deepening to promote the transformation of industrial structure from non-digital-intensive to digital-intensive, and carries out quantitative evaluation. The results show that: First, productivity improvement is an important driving force for China’s industrial structure transformation. From 2000 to 2014, the slowdown in total factor productivity of China’s digital-intensive industries led to a decrease of 1.61 and 1.63 percentage points in its employment share and output value share, and an increase in the total factor productivity of non-digital-intensive industries led to an increase of 0.24 percentage points both in its employment share and output value share. Second, due to the higher capital output elasticity and capital intensity of digital-intensive industries, capital deepening can significantly promote the development of digital-intensive industries. From 2000 to 2014, the increase in China’s investment rate led to an increase of 1.64 and 1.68 percentage points in the share of employment and output value in digital-intensive industries. Third, reducing labor market friction will help promote industrial structural transformation. From 2000 to 2014, the decline in labor market friction led to an increase of 10.59 and 0.71 percentage points in the share of employment and output value in digital-intensive industries. In this regard, to vigorously develop digital-intensive industries in the future, it is necessary to improve total factor productivity, strengthen investment momentum, optimize investment structure, and break down factor market barriers.

Key words: digital-intensive industries, industrial structure transformation, total factor productivity, capital deepening, market friction

中图分类号:

F062.9

宋培, 李琳, 艾阳, 陈晓英. 生产率提升、资本深化与数字密集型产业发展[J]. 当代财经, 2026, 0(10): 109-122.

Song Pei, Li Lin, Ai Yang, Chen Xiaoying. Productivity Improvement, Capital Deepening and Digital-Intensive Industry Development[J]. Contemporary Finance & Economics, 2026, 0(10): 109-122.

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