互联网普及能否改善人力资本错配

当代财经 ›› 2022, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (6): 12-25.

互联网普及能否改善人力资本错配

刘诗洋, 吴玉鸣, 吴青山

华东理工大学商学院,上海 200237

收稿日期:2021-07-09 修回日期:2022-04-02 出版日期:2022-06-15 发布日期:2022-09-09
通讯作者: 吴玉鸣,华东理工大学教授,理学博士,主要从事区域经济学与应用空间计量经济学研究,联系方式wuyuming@ecust.edu.cn
作者简介:刘诗洋,华东理工大学博士研究生,主要从事区域经济学与劳动经济学研究;吴青山,华东理工大学博士研究生,主要从事区域经济学研究。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“区域经济多极网络空间组织理论与实证研究”（72073045）

Can Internet Penetration Improve Human Capital Misallocation?

LIU Shi-yang, WU Yu-ming, WU Qing-shan

East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China

Received:2021-07-09 Revised:2022-04-02 Online:2022-06-15 Published:2022-09-09

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 优化人力资本配置是推动经济高质量发展的重要途径。基于中国家庭追踪调查数据的理论与实证研究结果表明,互联网普及能显著降低个体就业错配程度,并且可通过信息改善效应与厚劳动力市场效应减少就业错配;进一步区分错配类型发现,互联网普及主要降低了个体“过度教育”的发生概率;异质性分析显示,互联网普及显著降低了西部地区样本、城镇地区样本以及私营企业样本的就业错配程度,同时显著降低了男性样本、50岁以下样本以及农业户口样本的就业错配程度。上述结果表明,互联网普及有助于提高人力资本配置效率和推动高质量就业,从而促进经济发展。

关键词: 互联网普及, 人力资本错配, 就业错配, 信息改善效应, 厚劳动力市场效应

Abstract: To optimize human capital allocation is an important way to promote the high quality economic development. This paper makes a theoretical and empirical study based on the data of China Family Panel Studies. The findings show that Internet penetration can significantly reduce the degree of individual job mismatch and reduce job mismatch through the information improvement effect and the thick labor market effect. It is also found in further distinguishing the types of mismatch that Internet penetration mainly reduces the probability of individual over-education. The result of the heterogeneity analysis shows that the Internet penetration has significantly reduced the job mismatch degree in the samples of the western region, the urban area and the private enterprises. In addition, it has reduced the job mismatch degree in the male sample, the sample of persons under 50 years old, and the sample of rural households. The above results show that Internet popularization can help to improve the efficiency of human capital allocation and promote high-quality employment, thereby promoting economic development.

Key words: Internet penetration, human capital misallocation, job mismatch, information improvement effect, thick labor market effect

中图分类号:

F623
F241.4

刘诗洋, 吴玉鸣, 吴青山. 互联网普及能否改善人力资本错配[J]. 当代财经, 2022, 0(6): 12-25.

LIU Shi-yang, WU Yu-ming, WU Qing-shan. Can Internet Penetration Improve Human Capital Misallocation?[J]. Contemporary Finance & Economics, 2022, 0(6): 12-25.

参考文献

[1] 白俊红, 刘宇英. 对外直接投资能否改善中国的资源错配[J]. 中国工业经济, 2018, (1): 60-78.
[2] 李展. 资源错配的行业根源及其对全要素生产率的影响[J]. 当代财经, 2021, (6): 3-13.
[3] 徐晔, 喻家驹. 区域人力资本就业配置与全要素生产率[J]. 当代财经, 2020, (1): 114-125.
[4] 李根丽, 周泰云. 教育错配会影响工作满意度吗——机制分析与实证检验[J]. 山西财经大学学报, 2021, (8): 30-42.
[5] 颜敏, 王维国. 教育错配对工资的惩罚效应——来自中国微观面板数据的证据[J]. 财经研究, 2018, (3): 84-96.
[6] Stockinger B.Broadband Internet Availability and Establishments’ Employment Growth in Germany: Evidence from Instrumental Variables Estimations[J]. Journal for Labor Market Research, 2019, 53(1): 1-23.
[7] 赵涛, 张智, 梁上坤. 数字经济、创业活跃度与高质量发展——来自中国城市的经验证据[J]. 管理世界, 2020, (10): 65-76.
[8] Atasoy H.The Effects of Broadband Internet Expansion on Labor Market Outcomes[J]. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2013, 66(2): 315-345.
[9] 戚聿东, 褚席. 数字生活的就业效应:内在机制与微观证据[J]. 财贸经济, 2021, (4): 98-114.
[10] Kuhn P., Mansour H.Is Internet Job Search Still Ineffective?[J]. Economic Journal, 2014, 124(12): 1213-1233.
[11] Dettling L.J. Broadband in the Labor Market: The Impact of Residential High-Speed Internet on Married Women’s Labor Force Participation[J]. Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 2017, 70(2): 451-482.
[12] 毛宇飞, 曾湘泉, 祝慧琳. 互联网使用、就业决策与就业质量——基于CGSS数据的经验证据[J]. 经济理论与经济管理, 2019, (1): 72-85.
[13] 韩长根, 张力. 互联网是否改善了中国的资源错配——基于动态空间杜宾模型与门槛模型的检验[J]. 经济问题探索, 2019, (12): 43-55.
[14] 丛屹, 俞伯阳. 数字经济对中国劳动力资源配置效率的影响[J]. 财经理论与实践, 2020, (2): 108-114.
[15] 孙焱林, 李格, 汪小愉. 数字金融对劳动力错配的影响及其异质性分析——基于中国地级市面板数据[J]. 科学学研究, 2021, (7): 1-17.
[16] Leuven E., Oosterbeek H.Over-education and Mismatch in the Labor Market[M]// Hanushek E. A., Machin S., Woessmann L. Handbook of the Economics of Education. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2011.
[17] Kuhn P.The Internet and Matching in Labor Markets[M]// Jones D. C. New Economy Handbook. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2003.
[18] Beard T.R., Ford G. S., Saba R. P., et al. Internet Use and Job Search[J]. Telecommunications Policy, 2012, 36(4): 260-273.
[19] Mortensen D., Pissarides C.New Developments in Models of Search in the Labor Market[M]// Ashenfelter O., Card D. Handbook of Labor Economics. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1999.
[20] Stevenson B.The Internet and Job Search[R]. NBER Working Paper, No. 13886, 2009.
[21] Fountain C.Finding a Job in the Internet Age[J]. Social Forces, 2004, 83(3): 1235-1262.
[22] 崔兆财, 周向红. 互联网普及对地区就业的异质影响研究[J]. 软科学, 2020, (1): 7-12.
[23] 宋林, 何洋. 互联网使用对中国农村劳动力就业选择的影响[J]. 中国人口科学, 2020, (3): 61-74.
[24] Duranton G., Puga D.Micro-foundations of Urban Agglomeration Economies[M]// Duranton G., Henderson J. V., Strange W. C. Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2004.
[25] Mishra V., Smyth R.Estimating Returns to Schooling in Urban China Using Conventional and Heteroskedasticity-based Instruments[J]. Economic Modelling, 2015, 47(6): 166-173.
[26] Lewbel A.Using Heteroscedasticity to Identify and Estimate Mismeasured and Endogenous Regressor Models[J]. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 2012, 30(1): 67-80.
[27] Wu N., Wang Q.Wage Penalty of Over-education: New Micro-evidence from China[J]. China Economic Review, 2018, 50(8): 206-217.
[28] Bhuller M., Andreas R.K., Trond C. V. How Broadband Internet Affects Labor Market Matching[R]. Norges Bank: Working Papers, No.1, 2020.
[29] Akerman A., Gaarder I., Mogstad M.The Skill Complementarity of Broadband Internet[J]. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 2015, 130(4): 1781-1824.