当代财经 ›› 2025, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 86-99.

• 企业管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

数据要素共享与企业升级——基于公共数据开放平台上线的经验证据

邹颖, 石福安, 祁亚   

  1. 首都经济贸易大学 会计学院,北京 100070
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-24 修回日期:2024-08-18 出版日期:2025-05-15 发布日期:2025-05-19
  • 通讯作者: 祁亚,首都经济贸易大学博士研究生,主要从事公司财务理论与政策研究,联系方式qiya0882@163.com。
  • 作者简介:邹颖,首都经济贸易大学教授,博士生导师,管理学博士,主要从事公司财务理论与政策研究;石福安,首都经济贸易大学博士研究生,主要从事公司财务理论与政策研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家社会科学基金一般项目“杠杆监管对国有企业财务行为的影响机理研究”(20BGL072); 甘肃省哲学社会科学规划项目“甘肃省融入‘双循环’新发展格局的效果评价与实践路径研究”(2023YB010); 首都经济贸易大学研究生学术新人计划项目“‘三链’协同视域下新基建赋能企业韧性的机制与路径研究”(2024XSXR09)

Data Element Sharing and Enterprise Upgrading: Empirical Evidences from the Launch of Public Data Open Platforms

Zou Ying, Shi Fu-an, Qi Ya   

  1. Capital University of Economics and Business, Beijing 100070, China
  • Received:2024-06-24 Revised:2024-08-18 Online:2025-05-15 Published:2025-05-19

摘要: 推动数据要素共享与实现企业升级是塑造高质量发展新格局的重要基础。基于公共数据开放提供的准自然实验情境,采用2009—2022年中国A股上市公司的数据,考察了数据要素共享对企业升级的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,数据要素共享能够显著推动微观企业升级,且在经过一系列稳健性检验后,结论依然成立。机制检验表明,外部资源支持和内部资源优化是数据要素共享促进企业升级的重要路径。进一步分析表明,数据要素共享对中小规模企业和非高科技企业的升级作用尤为显著,发挥了“雪中送炭”的作用;且数据要素共享的微观赋能效应在法律制度保护程度较高和要素禀赋较好的地区更为显著,数据要素共享与法律制度保护和要素资源供给之间形成了“协同联动”效应。基于上述结论,政府应进一步加大数据要素开放力度;企业应充分挖掘公共数据的应用场景和潜在功能,激活数据要素的创造活力,优化企业资源配置效率。

关键词: 数据要素共享, 企业升级, 外部资源支持, 内部资源优化

Abstract: Promoting data element sharing and achieving enterprise upgrading are crucial foundations for shaping a new pattern of high-quality development. Based on a quasi-natural experiment scenario provided by public data openness and employing the data from China’s A-share listed companies from 2009 to 2022, this study examines the impact of data element sharing on enterprise upgrading and its underlying mechanisms. The findings reveal that data element sharing can significantly drive the upgrading of micro-level enterprises, a conclusion that holds true after a series of robust tests. The mechanism analysis indicates that external resource support and internal resource optimization are two key channels through which data element sharing promotes enterprise upgrading. Further analysis shows that data element sharing has significant upgrading effect on small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and non-high-tech firms, playing a vital“timely assistance”role in the economy. Moreover, the micro-level empowerment effect of data element sharing is more pronounced in regions with stronger legal protection and better resource endowments, suggesting a“synergistic linkage”is formed between data element sharing, legal system protection, and element resource supply. Based on these findings, it is recommended that the government should enhance the openness of data elements. Simultaneously, enterprises should fully explore the application scenarios and latent functions of public data, activate the creative vitality of data elements, and optimize corporate resource allocation efficiency.

Key words: data element sharing, enterprise upgrading, external resource support, internal resource optimization

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