当代财经 ›› 2024, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (9): 28-42.

• 公共经济与管理 • 上一篇    下一篇

财政纵向失衡对创新驱动政策有效性的影响——基于国家创新型省份建设的准自然实验

廖直东   

  1. 广东财经大学 财政税务学院,广东 广州 510320
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-24 修回日期:2024-06-04 出版日期:2024-09-15 发布日期:2024-09-19
  • 作者简介:廖直东,广东财经大学讲师,经济学博士,主要从事科技财政研究,联系方式liao_zhidong@sina.com。
  • 基金资助:
    广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“地方财政压力对区域创新体系效能的影响研究”(GD23XYJ10)

The Impact of Fiscal Vertical Imbalance on the Effectiveness of Innovation Driven Policy: A Quasi Natural Experiment Based on the Construction of National Innovative Provinces

LIAO Zhi-dong   

  1. Guangdong University of Finance and Economics, Guangzhou 510320, China
  • Received:2024-03-24 Revised:2024-06-04 Online:2024-09-15 Published:2024-09-19

摘要: 创新驱动发展是支撑我国产业迈向中高端水平、经济实现高质量发展的关键和基础。基于国家创新型省份建设的准自然实验,采用2001—2019年省级面板数据,从创新数量和创新质量的双重视角考察了财政纵向失衡对创新驱动政策有效性的影响。研究表明:国家创新型省份建设存在创新数量效应和创新质量效应,财政纵向失衡会显著地抑制国家创新型省份建设的创新质量效应,但并不影响其创新数量效应。从创新投入的视角分析发现,国家创新型省份建设对创新人力资本投入和创新资金投入都有积极影响,但财政纵向失衡抑制了国家创新型省份建设的积极作用,引致财政纵向失衡对国家创新型省份建设政策有效性的影响在创新数量和创新质量之间产生分异。因此,为提升创新驱动政策有效性,我国应进一步完善财税体制,适度降低财政纵向失衡;优化地方财政支出结构,保障财政科技投入;总结国家创新型省份建设经验,纵深推进国家创新型省份建设。

关键词: 财政纵向失衡, 创新驱动政策, 国家创新型省份建设, 创新数量, 创新质量

Abstract: Innovation driven development is the key and foundation to support China's industries to move towards the mid to high level and achieve high-quality economic development. Based on a quasi-natural experiment of national innovative province construction, this paper adopts the provincial panel data from 2001 to 2019 to examine the impact of fiscal vertical imbalance on the effectiveness of the innovation-driven policy from the perspective of both innovation quantity and innovation quality. The findings show that there are both innovation quantity effect and innovation quality effect in the construction of national innovative provinces, and that fiscal vertical imbalance will significantly inhibit the innovation quality effect, but does not affect its innovation quantity effect. From the perspective of innovation input, it is found that the construction of national innovative provinces has a positive impact on innovation human capital input and innovation fund input, but fiscal vertical imbalance inhibits the positive role of national innovative province construction, which leads to the difference in the impact of fiscal vertical imbalance on the effectiveness of innovation-driven policy between innovation quantity and innovation quality. Therefore, in order to enhance the effectiveness of innovation-driven policies, China should further improve the fiscal and taxation systems, moderately reduce fiscal vertical imbalance, optimize local fiscal expenditure structure, guarantee fiscal science and technology investments, summarize the experiences of national innovative province construction, and further promote the national innovative province construction.

Key words: fiscal vertical imbalance, innovation driven policy, national innovative province construction, innovation quantity, innovation quality

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