Abstract: With the deepening development of digital and intelligent technologies, generative artificial intelligence has played an irreplaceable role in empowering the development of new-quality productive forces. The underlying mechanisms through which generative AI empowers the development of new-quality productive forces are primarily manifested in promoting the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial revolution, unleashing the multiplier effect of data as a factor in value creation, and reshaping a labor market dominated by artificial intelligence and new talent resources. However, it is also necessary to clarify the practical challenges China faces in the process of leveraging generative AI to foster new-quality productive forces. These include bottlenecks in key core technologies, the lack of smooth integration between technological innovation and industrial revolution, the risk that advances in digital and intelligent technologies may widen income disparities, and obstacles to achieving high-quality and full employment. Therefore, in the digital and intelligent era, we must actively address these challenges through measures such as fully leveraging the advantages of the new national system to accelerate the integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial revolution; unleashing and enhancing the efficacy of digital and intelligent technologies to achieve common prosperity; and vigorously promoting high-quality and full employment to accelerate the realization of human modernization.

Key words: generative artificial intelligence, new-quality productive forces, scientific and technological innovation, data element, digital and intelligent technology