Abstract: Based on relevant national policies and practical experience at home and abroad, and guided by the principles of stability, adequacy, fairness, affordability, and incentives, this paper constructs an automatic adjustment mechanism for basic pension benefits of urban and rural residents' basic pension insurance, which consists of a trigger mechanism, a fairness mechanism, a constraint mechanism, and a fallback mechanism. It also uses the management data from Guangdong Province and the system dynamics method to simulate and calculate the adjustment status of the basic pension benefits from 2023 to 2035. The simulation results indicate that the constructed compensation adjustment mechanism takes into account the adequacy of compensation, income equity, and fiscal affordability. On this basis, specific policy recommendations are proposed from the aspects of design principles, institutional structure, incentive mechanisms, and fiscal responsibility division, providing useful reference for other regions and even the whole country to establish a mechanism for adjusting the basic pension benefits of urban and rural residents.

Key words: common prosperity, urban and rural residents' pension insurance, basic pension, benefits adjustment mechanism