Abstract: The high-quality development of agriculture is a transformation process from quantitative change to qualitative change, and natural endowment and market-oriented reform are crucial to the high-quality development of agriculture. By drawing on the relevant research results of the new institutional economics, this paper constructs a theoretical framework between natural endowments, market-oriented reforms, and high-quality agricultural development. Subsequently, based on the provincial panel data from 2010 to 2020 in China, it describes and analyzes the current situation of natural endowment, market-oriented reform, and high-quality agricultural development. By constructing benchmark regression and spatial econometric models through the extended C-D production function, this paper conducts an empirical test of the impact of natural endowment and market-oriented reform on high-quality agricultural development. It is found that both natural endowment and market-oriented reform can significantly and positively affect the level of high-quality agricultural development, while both have significant negative spatial effects. The findings show that the natural endowment and the market-oriented reforms can both affect the level of high-quality development of agriculture positively, at the same time both of the two have significant negative spatial effect. The above conclusions imply that, due to the existence of the “siphon effect”, the local natural endowment and the level of development of market-oriented reforms will have a significant negative impact on the level of high-quality development of agriculture in the neighboring regions. To this end, it is necessary to improve the utilization rate of natural resource endowments, promote the market-oriented reforms, strengthen the cooperation and exchanges among different regions, and develop agriculture according to local conditions.

Key words: natural endowment, market-oriented reform, high-quality agricultural development, spatial effect