Abstract: Industrialization, demographic urbanization, and land urbanization are the three dimensions to measure urbanization. According to the existing partitioning standards of industrialization at different stages, China has been in the later stage of industrialization. During this period, China is faced with the present “two lags” situation: the demographic urbanization lagging behind industrialization; the demographic urbanization lagging behind land urbanization. The key issue affecting the land urbanization is how to convert the farm land into non-farm land, such as housing land, factory land, public land, etc.. China is in urgent need to establish market-oriented farmland conversion system with high efficiency.

Key words: urbanization; industrialization; demographic urbanization; land urbanization; farm land and conversion