江西财经大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (2): 73-86.

• “三农”研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

农村金融地理结构对乡村创新创业发展的影响——基于数字金融调节的视角

李海央1, 钱文荣2   

  1. 1.昆明理工大学 管理与经济学院,云南 昆明 650500;
    2.浙江大学 中国农村发展研究院,浙江 杭州 310058
  • 收稿日期:2025-03-25 修回日期:2026-01-07 出版日期:2026-03-25 发布日期:2026-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 钱文荣,浙江大学教授,管理学博士,主要从事农村经济管理研究,联系方式wrqian@zju.edu.cn。
  • 作者简介:李海央,昆明理工大学副教授,统计学博士,主要从事农村经济与经济统计研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金地区项目“农村金融‘地理-数字供给'适宜结构研究:锚定目标、调整对象与优化路径”(72463017); 国家社会科学基金西部项目“数智技术赋能新生代农民工回流创业质量的长效机制研究”(25XKX006); 教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“西部地区农村金融机构数字化转型赋能乡村新业态研究”(24YJC790090)

The Impact of Rural Financial Geography Structure on Rural Entrepreneurship Development: From the Perpective of Digital Finance Regulation

Li Hai-yang1, Qian Wen-rong2   

  1. 1. Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500;
    2. Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
  • Received:2025-03-25 Revised:2026-01-07 Online:2026-03-25 Published:2026-03-31

摘要: 基于2017—2022年中国1826个县域的面板数据,运用熵值法、固定效应模型和门槛模型,系统考察数字金融调节下农村金融地理结构对乡村创新创业发展的影响效应。研究发现,农村金融地理结构显著促进乡村创新创业发展。数字金融通过鲶鱼效应、溢出效应发挥农村金融地理结构的外部价值,在数字金融的调节下农村金融地理结构对乡村创新创业发展的影响效应呈现“从无到有、指数式递增”的趋势。异质性分析表明,东部、中部、西部地区的农村金融地理结构与数字金融分别呈“互补”“补缺”“替补”的关系状态。此外,主导产业结构及要素禀赋决定了农村金融需求的系统性差异,依托均衡发展型产业结构能较好实现数字金融的调节效果。数字金融对农村金融地理结构的各个细分维度具有调节作用,尤其要重视优化网点布局及其形成的关联程度。因此,应正确认识农村金融地理结构与数字金融的错位问题和互动表现,因地制宜调整农村金融供给结构,立足区域资源和产业优势推动产业结构转型升级,以及重点提升“面的覆盖”和“网络关联”水平,营造竞合互补的农村金融供给生态环境。

关键词: 农村金融, 地理结构, 乡村创新创业, 数字金融, 动态调节

Abstract: Based on the panel data from 1826 counties in China spanning from 2017 to 2022, this study employs the entropy evaluation method, the fixed effects model, and the threshold model to investigate the impact of rural financial geographic structure on rural entrepreneurship development under the moderating effect of digital finance. Research has found that the geographical structure of rural finance can significantly promote the development of rural innovation and entrepreneurship. Digital finance leverages the external value of rural financial geographic structure through the catfish effect and spillover effect. Under the regulation of digital finance, the impact of rural financial geographic structure on rural innovation and entrepreneurship development shows a trend of “from scratch, exponential increase”. The heterogeneity analysis shows that the geographical structure of rural finance and digital finance in the eastern, central, and western regions are in a state of“complementarity” “filling gaps” and“substitution”, respectively. In addition, the dominant industrial structure and factor endowment determine the systematic differences in rural financial demand, and relying on a balanced development industrial structure can better achieve the regulatory effect of digital finance. Digital finance has a regulatory effect on various sub dimensions of rural financial geographic structure, and special attention should be paid to optimizing the layout of branches and the degree of correlation formed. Therefore, we should have a correct understanding of the mismatch and interaction between the geographical structure of rural finance and digital finance, adjust the supply structure of rural finance according to local conditions, promote the transformation and upgrading of industrial structure based on regional resources and industrial advantages, and focus on improving the level of“coverage”and“network connection”, so as to create a competitive and complementary ecological environment for rural financial supply.

Key words: rural finance, geographic structure, rural entrepreneurship, digital finance, dynamic regulation

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