Abstract: Currently, China's economic and social development has entered a new stage, and advancing Chinese-style modernization has raised new and higher demands for improving the tax system and optimizing its structure. The fiscal and tax reform is the core of the reform of the socialist market economy system. Since the reform of the tax distribution system in 1994, significant achievements have been made in tax system construction, forming a unified, complete, and efficient tax system. However, compared with the goal of achieving Chinese-style modernization, there is still a significant gap in the current tax system. This gap is particularly evident in the following aspects: the tax structure lags behind the economic development, the tax system construction has not fully adapted to the needs of the unified national market, the integration of the current tax system with the digital economy is not high, and the construction of the local tax system lags behind. With the commencement of the new journey of Chinese-style modernization, the new round of tax system reform aims to build a modern tax system with Chinese characteristics, accelerate the process of tax legislation, optimize the tax system structure, improve the local tax system, strengthen the tax system to promote high-quality economic development and green and low-carbon development, enhance the function of tax revenue distribution, achieve the unity of modern tax system construction and modern tax functions, and promote the high-quality development of the socialist market economy.

Key words: the new wave of tax reform, tax system, structure of tax system, the construction of tax system, Chinese-style modernization