Abstract: Digital capital is a new form of capital formed by the close integration of capital and data, and its essence is that capital uses technology to privatize the most critical means of production (data) in the digital economy. Economic justice is the inevitable product of economic changes in the era of digital economy, and the expression of the value of the political states regulating digital capital, which possesses an independent existing status and a unique value function, being able to expand and enrich the consumer-centered rights types and content systems. On the journey of Chinese modernization, China will not only develop the digital economy and use digital capital, but also strive to achieve economic justice. The value positions of the two are different, the tension is objectively existed, which is an important problem that must be solved properly in the process of China’s high quality development. To solve this problem by the institution is a more stable and feasible way. The analysis from the perspective of institutionalism shows that digital capital has institutional plasticity, and its development mode does not depend on the capital itself, nor is it the only one, it is vitally depending on the institutional shaping of the country. Therefore, China can build a“four-dimensional”institutional shaping system jointly formed by the legal system composed of the basic political system, the digital economy value system, and the people-centered digital economy and the government-led technical specification system, which can not only effectively relieve the tension, but also make the digital capital return to the essence of socialism in the continuous good system shaping process.

Key words: digital economy, economic justice, digital capital, institution shaping, essence of socialism