Abstract: According to the ownership systems, this paper makes a decomposition of Theil index, which is used to measure China’s industry income gap. The results indicate that the industry income gap caused by the ownership has become narrower and narrower; due to the rather smaller income gap of the groups of the state-owned sector, the degree of participation of the state-owned sector has in fact been playing a role in mitigating the overall income gap of China’s industries to a certain degree in recent years. By selecting the relative data of the 19 major industries from 2003 to 2012, this study, which is carried out according to the division of profit and nonprofit industries, shows that the different degrees of industrial monopoly is one of the important factors leading to industry income gap. The influence of the participation of the state-owned sector on the industrial average income level plays entirely different roles in the profit industry and nonprofit industry. On such a basis, this study points out the reform direction to narrow the industry gap.

Key words: 行业垄断；所有制结构；行业收入差距